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Prose fiction analysis

Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper": a wife's private journal

  • Unit 1
  • 6 points
  • About 40 minutes

You read a passage of fiction (it may be drama) and write an essay analyzing how the author uses literary elements and techniques to portray something complex, often a character's attitude or a relationship. You need a defensible thesis, specific evidence from the passage, and commentary explaining it. On the exam: Free-response question 2 of 3 in Section II (3 essays in 2 hours, 55% of the exam score); about 40 minutes suggested; 6 points: thesis 1, evidence and commentary 4, sophistication 1.

The question and its sources

Suggested time: 40 minutes, including reading and planning. Read the passage, plan, then write your essay in the box. The paragraphs are numbered so you can point to them, for example (paragraph 2). Words you may not know: felicity (happiness), untenanted (empty of tenants), phosphates and phosphites (tonics doctors prescribed at the time), piazza (a porch), chintz (printed cotton cloth).

Source

Paragraph 1
It is very seldom that mere ordinary people like John and myself secure ancestral halls for the summer.
Paragraph 2
A colonial mansion, a hereditary estate, I would say a haunted house, and reach the height of romantic felicity—but that would be asking too much of fate!
Paragraph 3
Still I will proudly declare that there is something queer about it.
Paragraph 4
Else, why should it be let so cheaply? And why have stood so long untenanted?
Paragraph 5
John laughs at me, of course, but one expects that in marriage.
Paragraph 6
John is practical in the extreme. He has no patience with faith, an intense horror of superstition, and he scoffs openly at any talk of things not to be felt and seen and put down in figures.
Paragraph 7
John is a physician, and perhaps—(I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind)—perhaps that is one reason I do not get well faster.
Paragraph 8
You see, he does not believe I am sick!
Paragraph 9
And what can one do?
Paragraph 10
If a physician of high standing, and one’s own husband, assures friends and relatives that there is really nothing the matter with one but temporary nervous depression—a slight hysterical tendency—what is one to do?
Paragraph 11
My brother is also a physician, and also of high standing, and he says the same thing.
Paragraph 12
So I take phosphates or phosphites—whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to “work” until I am well again.
Paragraph 13
Personally, I disagree with their ideas.
Paragraph 14
Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good.
Paragraph 15
But what is one to do?
Paragraph 16
I did write for a while in spite of them; but it does exhaust me a good deal—having to be so sly about it, or else meet with heavy opposition.
Paragraph 17
I sometimes fancy that in my condition if I had less opposition and more society and stimulus—but John says the very worst thing I can do is to think about my condition, and I confess it always makes me feel bad.
Paragraph 18
So I will let it alone and talk about the house.
Paragraph 19
The most beautiful place! It is quite alone, standing well back from the road, quite three miles from the village. It makes me think of English places that you read about, for there are hedges and walls and gates that lock, and lots of separate little houses for the gardeners and people.
Paragraph 20
There is a delicious garden! I never saw such a garden—large and shady, full of box-bordered paths, and lined with long grape-covered arbors with seats under them.
Paragraph 21
There were greenhouses, too, but they are all broken now.
Paragraph 22
There was some legal trouble, I believe, something about the heirs and co-heirs; anyhow, the place has been empty for years.
Paragraph 23
That spoils my ghostliness, I am afraid; but I don’t care—there is something strange about the house—I can feel it.
Paragraph 24
I even said so to John one moonlight evening, but he said what I felt was a draught, and shut the window.
Paragraph 25
I get unreasonably angry with John sometimes. I’m sure I never used to be so sensitive. I think it is due to this nervous condition.
Paragraph 26
But John says if I feel so I shall neglect proper self-control; so I take pains to control myself,—before him, at least,—and that makes me very tired.
Paragraph 27
I don’t like our room a bit. I wanted one downstairs that opened on the piazza and had roses all over the window, and such pretty old-fashioned chintz hangings! but John would not hear of it.
Paragraph 28
He said there was only one window and not room for two beds, and no near room for him if he took another.
Paragraph 29
He is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me stir without special direction.
Paragraph 30
I have a schedule prescription for each hour in the day; he takes all care from me, and so I feel basely ungrateful not to value it more.
Paragraph 31
He said we came here solely on my account, that I was to have perfect rest and all the air I could get. “Your exercise depends on your strength, my dear,” said he, “and your food somewhat on your appetite; but air you can absorb all the time.” So we took the nursery, at the top of the house.
Paragraph 32
It is a big, airy room, the whole floor nearly, with windows that look all ways, and air and sunshine galore. It was nursery first and then playground and gymnasium, I should judge; for the windows are barred for little children, and there are rings and things in the walls.

Source: Charlotte Perkins Gilman, "The Yellow Wallpaper" (1892), opening. Public domain.

Suggested time: 40 minutes

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The essay

6 points

The following passage is the opening of "The Yellow Wallpaper," a story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman published in 1892. The narrator, a young wife who has been unwell, writes in a private journal after she and her husband, John, have rented a house for the summer. Read the passage carefully. Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how Gilman uses literary elements and techniques to portray the narrator's complex relationship with her husband. In your essay: • State a thesis that answers the prompt with a defensible interpretation. • Choose evidence from the passage that supports your line of reasoning. • Explain how that evidence supports your line of reasoning. • Use grammar and punctuation that make your argument clear.

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