Introductions, Conclusions and Thesis Structure

An introduction tells readers what the topic is, why it matters right now, and where the argument is headed. Writers often open with a hook, such as a question, a striking fact or a short story, then lead into the thesis.

A conclusion pulls the argument together and shows why it matters, often by connecting it to a bigger idea, calling readers to act, or circling back to the opening. A strong conclusion does more than repeat the thesis word for word.

A thesis can preview the line of reasoning by hinting at the main reasons the essay will develop, which helps readers follow along. It doesn't have to list three points, and it can still be strong without naming every point.

Comparison and contrast put two or more things side by side to show how they're alike and different, often so that one helps explain or judge the other. Compare them on the same points (cost against cost, not cost against looks), and organize subject by subject (block method) or point by point.

Definition explains what a term means, often to set up how the writer wants readers to understand a disputed idea. Description uses specific, sensory details to help readers picture a subject and feel a certain way about it.