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Short-answer question (SAQ)

Wollstonecraft's challenge to the French constitution

  • Units 4 and 5
  • 3 points
  • About 13 minutes

You read one source and answer three short parts (A, B and C) about it, each in a few sentences. Each part asks you to describe or explain something about the source or the history around it. On the exam: 3 required questions in 40 minutes (Section I, Part B), 20% of the score. Starting May 2027 every SAQ has a source: question 1 a secondary text, question 2 a primary text, question 3 a non-text source such as an image, map or chart.

The question and its sources

Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follows.

Passage

Consider, Sir, dispassionately, these observations, for a glimpse of this truth seemed to open before you when you observed, "that to see one half of the human race excluded by the other from all participation of government, was a political phenomenon that, according to abstract principles, it was impossible to explain." If so, on what does your constitution rest? If the abstract rights of man will bear discussion and explanation, those of woman, by a parity of reasoning, will not shrink from the same test. . . .

Consider, I address you as a legislator, whether, when men contend for their freedom, and to be allowed to judge for themselves, respecting their own happiness, it be not inconsistent and unjust to subjugate women, even though you firmly believe that you are acting in the manner best calculated to promote their happiness? Who made man the exclusive judge, if woman partake with him of the gift of reason? . . .

But, if women are to be excluded, without having a voice, from a participation of the natural rights of mankind, prove first, to ward off the charge of injustice and inconsistency, that they want reason, else this flaw in your NEW CONSTITUTION, the first constitution founded on reason, will ever show that man must, in some shape, act like a tyrant.

Source: Mary Wollstonecraft, British writer, dedication to Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand, a member of France's revolutionary National Assembly, in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (London: J. Johnson, 1792).

Suggested time: 13 minutes

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Part (a)

1 point

Describe Wollstonecraft's argument about the new French constitution.

0 / 2,500 characters

Part (b)

1 point

Explain how ONE idea of the Enlightenment influenced Wollstonecraft's argument.

0 / 2,500 characters

Part (c)

1 point

Explain ONE way in which the political rights or roles of women in France changed OR stayed the same in the period 1789–1815.

0 / 2,500 characters

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