Conceptual analysis
Judicial independence
- Unit 2
- 4 points
- About 10 minutes
You define or describe a political concept, then explain or compare how it works in political systems, institutions, policies or behavior. There are no sources and no required country. On the exam: Question 1 of 4 in the free-response section (1 hour 30 minutes for all four, 50% of your score; this question is 11%).
The question
Answer parts A, B, C, and D. There are no sources for this question. Recent change to keep in mind (as of October 2026): a 2024 constitutional reform in Mexico replaced Senate-confirmed Supreme Court appointments with popular election of judges; the first judicial election was held on 1 June 2025, and a 2026 amendment moved the next one to June 2028.
Suggested time: 10 minutes
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Part (a)
1 pointDefine judicial independence.
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Part (b)
1 pointDescribe one way the method of selecting or removing judges can affect judicial independence.
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Part (c)
1 pointExplain why an authoritarian regime might limit the independence of its courts.
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Part (d)
1 pointExplain how an independent judiciary can strengthen the legitimacy of a democratic regime.
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